Статті КГВФ (ДІІТ)

Permanent URI for this collection

http://crust.ust.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16429

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 36

Adhesion Strength of Electrodeposited Ni, Zn, and Fe Coatings with Copper Substrates
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Shtapenko, Eduard Ph.; Zabludovsky, Vladimir A.; Tytarenko, Valentyna V.
ENG: This paper presents the adhesive strength values of electrodeposited nickel, zinc, and iron coatings on copper substrates at various deposition parameters, including laser-assisted stimulation of the deposition process. One of the factors determined to be responsible for the adhesive strength of metal films with a metal substrate is the formation of a diffusion zone at the ‘coating-substrate’ interface. It is shown that an increase in adhesive strength is achieved due to the expansion of the diffusion zone and the formation of solid solutions. The decrease in adhesive strength at high overpotentials is associated with the release of hydrogen and the formation of intermediate phases.
Assessment of Radioactive Contamination Level of Environment in Case of Accident at Nuclear Power Plant
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2023) Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Rusakova, Tetiana I.; Dziuba, Serhii; Lapshin, Yevhen; Koval, Natalia
ENG: The accidents at nuclear power plants pose a particular threat to the population and the environment. Accidental emissions at nuclear power plants can cause long-term radioactive pollution of the environment, and the elimination of such pollution can take years. For practice, it is very important to predict the intensity and size of radioactive contamination zones for various scenarios of extreme situations at the nuclear power plants. Such a forecast will identify the most vulnerable areas and develop a response strategy to the situation that has arisen. A numerical model has been built that allows to quickly predict the scale of radioactive contamination of the territory during an emergency release at a nuclear power plant. The model is based on the application of implicit difference schemes for the numerical integration of the equation of convective-diffusion transport of impurities in the atmosphere. The developed model is characterized by the calculation speed. The results of the computational experiment are presented.
Complex Diagnostics of Concrete Lining Technical Condition
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2023) Skipochka, Serhii; Serhiienko, Viktor; Amelin, Volodymyr; Amelina, Larysa V.
ENG: The main use of concrete lining is mine and hydraulic engineering construction. The options of its use in underground structures and mining operations have been considered. The advantages of this lining during construction and operation have been reflected. A long service life of underground facilities with concrete lining in Ukraine has been noted. The typical defect types have been identified. The main reasons for defect formation have been reflected. The impact of natural factors on the deterioration of the lining has been researched. The possible consequences of the flaw growth have been reported. Limited opportunities for visual inspection of the concrete surface have been noted. The main areas of non-destructive test of linings have been analyzed. The basic set of methods and control devices have been established. Special features of monitoring with various methods have been indicated. The main requirements for the registration of primary data have been defined. Typical options of office data processing have been outlined. According to the processing results, the category of the technical condition of the lining is determined. Criteria for assessing the technical condition have been presented. Specific examples of complex examination of concrete lining have been provided.
Composition Variations and UV Irradiation Effect on Charge Transfer in PbMoO4 Single Crystals
(Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, 2022) Bochkova, Tatiana; Trubitsyn, Mykhailo P.; Volnianskii, M. D.; Volnyanskii, Dmytro M.
ENG: The effect of nonstoichiometry of the composition, PbO polymorphism, and preliminary irradiation with ultraviolet light on electrical conductivity of alternating current (AC) was studied in PbMoO4 crystals. The crystals were grown by Czochralski method in a direction deviated by 30° from a-axis in (001) plain. The charge was prepared from MoO3 and PbO, lead oxide was used of α- or β- structural modifications. The reagents were taken both in a stoichiometric ratio and with an excess of 0.5 mol % of MoO3. It was shown that the magnitude of the dark and irradiation-induced AC conductivity was affected both by the type of polymorphic form of PbO and by the excess amount of MoO3. The influence of the PbMoO4 crystal structural disorder on charge transfer processes are discussed within the framework of the model of hopping conduction in disordered media.
Experimental Study of the Intensity of Coal Dust Removal
(Prydniprovs'ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Dnipro, Ukraine, 2023) Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Berlov, Oleksandr V.; Brazaluk, Yuliia V.; Kozachyna, Vitalii A.; Oladipo, Mutiu Olatoye
ENG: Problem statement. Industrial sites where coal storages are located are intensive sources of dust pollution of the environment. There is an important problem of assessing the intensity of dust removal into the atmospheric air from polluted areas. Knowledge of the intensity of dust removal into the atmospheric air makes it possible to scientifically assess the impact of contaminated sites on the pollution of the environment and work zones at industrial sites. The solution to this problem can be obtained experimentally. The purpose of the article. An experimental study of the value of the air flow velocity at which the detachment of dust particles from the surface with coal begins and their removal into the air and the determination of the intensity of the emission of coal dust from the contaminated surface. Methodology. The intensity of removal of coal dust from the contaminated area was studied experimentally in laboratory conditions. The research was conducted on coal samples from DTEK “Pavlohradvuhillya”, grade “ДГ. During the research, the velocity of the air flow at which the process of movement of dust particles along the emission source began and the velocity of “detachment” of dust particles and their removal from the emission source were determined. At the second stage of experimental research, the intensity of removal of coal dust from the polluted area was determined. Scientific novelty. The values of the air velocity at which the removal of coal dust particles from the contaminated area begins were determined experimentally. The regularity of the intensity of the removal of coal dust depending on the velocity of the air flow over the contaminated area was obtained. Practical significance. The obtained experimental data make it possible to determine under which weather conditions there is a risk of dust formation and the removal of dust into the atmosphere. The empirical dependence obtained by processing experimental data can be used for a scientifically based assessment of the level of pollution of working areas at industrial sites where there are coal storage facilities. Conclusions. The value of the velocity of the air flow at which the movement of dust particles on the contaminated surface begins, as well as the value of the velocity of the air flow at which the removal of dust particles into the air begins, was determined experimentally. The resulting empirical model can be used to estimate environmental damage due to dust pollution of atmospheric air.
Heat Capacity of Thin Films at High Temperatures
(Інститут металофізики ім. Г. В. Курдюмова НАН України, Київ, 2023) Shtapenko, Eduard P.; Syrovatko, Yu. V.
ENG: The purpose of this paper is to develop a model, which allows determining the heat capacity of thin films at the temperatures comparable to and exceeding the Debye temperature. The model presented in the paper takes into consideration the anisotropy of vibrations of the corresponding bending waves and wave vibrations in the plane occurring with the decrease in the film thickness. Furthermore, the model is based on the quadratic dispersion law for bending wave vibrations in the normal direction of a thin film and the linear dispersion law for the wave vibrations in the film plane. In order to expand the existing model representations for the heat capacity of thin films at low temperatures, we used the Debye’s method in the integral expression for the free energy. We considered this approach earlier in the model representations of the heat capacity of anisotropic quasi-crystals. Our findings show that the thin-film heat-capacity dependence on the temperature has a maximum and exceeds the heat capacity of a bulk sample. This circumstance confirms the experimental data obtained earlier by other authors. Besides, according to the experimental data collected from the literature, heat capacity of the thin films rises, compared to values of the bulk sample, when the film thickness decreases. This factor is also reflected in the model under consideration, and the calculated dependence of the increase in thin films on the number of atomic layers correlates well with the experimental data. Therefore, the proposed model allows determining the heat capacity of thin films at the temperatures exceeding the Debye temperature with sufficient accuracy without experimental investigation.
Identifying Regularities in the Propagation of Air Ions in Rooms with Artificial Air Ionization
(PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER, 2023) Levchenko, Larysa; Burdeina, Nataliia; Glyva, Valentyn; Kasatkina, Natalia; Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Biliaieva, Viktoriia V.; Tykhenko, Oksana; Petrunok, Tetiana; Biruk, Yana; Bogatov, Oleg
ENG: The object of the study is the dynamics of air ion spread in rooms from the source of artificial air ionization under different starting conditions. There is currently the problem of distribution of air ions in the room with regulatory concentrations in all critical zones. An effective method of ensuring proper air ion concentrations is to model their propagation from ionization sources. Existing approaches to calculating the dynamics of air ions of both polarities have been improved in this study. Unlike known solutions, the impact on their concentration of electrostatic field and the interaction of air ions with suspended particles was taken into account. A model of air ion propagation in rooms with artificial air ionization and the principles of its numerical modeling was built. The use of Laplace Equation in the aerodynamic model instead of the Navier-Stokes equation for the potential of the flow rate has made it possible to design an "Ion 3D" tool, which reduces the time of implementation of one scenario from several hours to 7 seconds. Modeling of the propagation of air ions of both polarities in the room under different initial conditions was carried out. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional models with their visualization was implemented. The peculiarity of the resulting models is that they make it possible to determine the concentrations of air ions in any section of the room by three coordinates. Given this, the rapid selection of the variants of the source data makes it possible to achieve the normative values of concentrations of air ions in the area of breathing – exceeding 500 cm-3 of each polarity. Simulation makes it possible to design a room in which, under the condition of artificial ionization of air, the concentrations of air ions close to the optimal values of 3000–5000 cm-3 are provided.
Kinetic Regularities of the Formation of Composite Electrolytic Coatings Containing Ultradispersed Diamond Particles
(Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ukraine, 2022) Tytarenko, Valentyna V.; Zabludovsky, Vladimir A.; Shtapenko, Eduard Ph.; Tytarenko, Igor V.
ENG: The paper formulates the problem of joint electrolytic co-deposition of metal ions and ultradispersed diamond particles into a metal matrix. It presents the developed mathematical model that describes the mechanism and kinetics of the cathode process, mass transfer of metal ions and ultradispersed diamond particles. A satisfactory correlation with experimental data was obtained. The contribution of the thermal action of laser radiation to the intensification of the process of co-deposition of dispersed particles and metal ions was determined. It was found that the more intense penetration of dispersed phase particles into the forming coating during the laser stimulation of the electrodeposition process is due to the presence of a temperature gradient, which provides an additional supply of metal ions in the irradiation region. Based on the theoretical and experimental studies, we established the regularities of the influence of the number and size of nanoparticles on the strengthening properties of composite metal coatings. It was found that an increase in the temperature of an aqueous electrolyte solution in the cathode region during a laser-stimulated deposition process leads to an increase in the flux density of ultradispersed diamond particles, and, as a result, to an increase in the concentration of the dispersed phase in nickel composite coatings, which contributes to the formation of a finer crystalline structure of coatings, an improvement in adhesion, strength properties and increased wear resistance of coatings.
Methodology for Modeling the Spread of Radioactive Substances in Case of an Emergency Release at a Nuclear Power Plant
(National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Kharkiv, 2023) Levchenko, Larysa; Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Biliaieva, Viktoriia V.; Ausheva, Nataliia; Tykhenko, Oksana
ENG: The methodology for modeling the propagation of accidental releases of radionuclides from a power unit of a nuclear power plant has been developed. The calculation method takes into account the most critical factors propagation cloud - wind direction and speed, the intensity of the release radionuclides change: semi-continuous release, long-term release, instantaneous release. Diffuse processes and the presence of interference in the form of buildings were also taken into account. To solve the modeling equation of the aerodynamic model, the velocity potential equation is solved. The use of this equation instead of the traditional Novier-Stokes equation makes it possible to rationalize the calculation process in terms of the speed obtaining simulated data. To build a numerical model, a rectangular difference grid is used. The velocity potential and the quantities values of volumetric activity are determined at the centers of difference cells. The value of the airflow velocity vector component is determined on the sides of the difference cells. A finite-difference splitting scheme is used for numerical integration of the equation convective-diffusion transfer radionuclides. A computer code was developed on the basis of the constructed numerical model, the programming language Fortran was used. The approach used makes it possible to reduce the time for obtaining one scenario of an accident development. The cloud propagation dynamics determining is carried out almost in real time. This allows you to quickly respond to changing situations and make adequate decisions.
Modeling Influence of TiO2 Barrier Coating on Pollutant Dispersion Near Road
(Kaunas University of Technology, 2023) Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Berlov, Oleksandr V.; Biliaieva, Viktoriia V.; Kozachyna, Vitalii A.; Kozachyna, Valeriia; Yakubovska, Zinaida M.
ENG: Mitigation strategies for near-road air pollution are of great interest nowadays. Sound barriers near the road are very effective to decrease pollutant concentration. The use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) barrier coating provides additional effect which allows to decrease pollutant concentration near road. In this study quick- computing CFD model was developed to access influence of TiO2 barrier coating on pollutant concentration. To simulate wind flow over barrier with TiO2 coating model of potential flow was used. The process of NOx dispersion from car was computed using mass conservation equation. Finite-difference schemes were used for numerical integration of governing equations. The computer code was developed on the basis of proposed numerical model. Results of numerical simulations are presented.
Numerical Analysis of Aerodynamic Regime Near Tailings Storage Facility
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2023) Semenenko, Yevhen; Medvedieva, Olha; Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Rusakova, Tetiana I.; Blyuss, Konstantin
ENG: Tailings formed during the mining and beneficiation of iron ore are sources of intensive dust generation. In order to assess the intensity of dust formation and determine the effectiveness of methods of its reduction, it is necessary to know the local velocity of the air flow near the various surfaces of the tailings storage facility. For the theoretical solution of this problem, a CFD model was developed, which allows determining the velocity field of the air flow when flowing around the tailings storage facility. The model allows you to obtain the value of the wind speed near the surfaces of the structure and, based on this information, to make a forecast of possible dust formation. The constructed CFD model is based on the use of an aerodynamic model of potential motion. The modeling equation is the Laplace equation for the velocity potential. To build a numerical model, the idea of establishing a solution in time is used, therefore numerical integration of the "unsteady equation" for the velocity potential is carried out. Numerical integration is carried out using the finite-difference method of total approximation. The results of the computational experiment are presented.
Photoinduced Effects in Single Crystals of PbO-MoO3 System
(Institute of Physics PAS, Poland, 2022) Bochkova, Tatiana; Bondar, Dmytro; Trubitsyn, Mykhailo P.; Volnianskii, M. D.; Volnyanskii, Dmytro M.
ENG: Purpose. Photoinduced changes in the optical absorption and dielectric properties of PbMoO4 and Pb2MoO5 crystals are considered. Differences in the manifestation of the photochromic effect in both crystals are associated with differences in their crystal structure. It is assumed that the photodielectric effect in the PbMoO4 and Pb2MoO5 crystals is due to the presence of the same anionic complexes. Methodology. Single crystals of PbMoO4 and Pb2MoO5 were grown in air from melt by the Czochralskii method. High-temperature treatment of the PbMoO4 crystals in air was carried out in a muffle furnace at 1200 K. The annealing time in the experiments varied from 2 to 90 h. Annealing of Pb2MoO5 crystals in vacuum was carried out at 1000 K during 1–2 h. The optical transmission spectra were measured at 295 K on the crystal doubly polished plates using a “Specord M-40” spectrophotometer. The photochromic coloration was observed after irradiation by light of Hg lamp during 2–5 h. Colored samples were returned to the initial state by annealing at 700–800 K in air for 2 h. Permittivity " was measured in the AC field by the four-wire method using a Keysight E4980AL LCR Meter at different frequencies (f = 1–10 kHz) in the temperature interval 290–700 K. Findings. One can assume that the photodielectric effect has the same nature and can be attributed for the common for both PbMoO4 and Pb2MoO5 crystals coordination complexes, i.e., molybdenum–oxygen tetrahedra. The dipole defects contributed to the photodielectric effect can be associated with Mo–O tetrahedra distorted by oxygen vacancy and photoelectrons capture. Hopping of VO through Mo–O tetrahedra vertices is accompanied by re-orientations of dipole moments of (MoO3)- complexes. Originality. Photoinduced changes in optical absorption and dielectric properties of PbMoO4 and Pb2MoO5 crystals are considered. The model of the mechanism of such changes of the power is offered. Practical value. The obtained conclusions will help to predict the influence of the composition of single crystals of acousto-optical materials of this series on their properties of practical value - optical absorption, optical stability..
Prediction of Atmospheric Air Pollution Near a Coal Stack in Adverse Weather Conditions
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2023) Biliaieva, Viktoriia V.; Berlov, Oleksandr V.; Kozachyna, Vitalii A.; Nochvai, Volodymyr; Yakubovska, Zinaida M.; Oladipo, Mutiu Olatoye
ENG: Coal piles on the territory of enterprises are long-term sources of dust pollution of atmospheric air. Forecasting the level of dust pollution of the air for such objects is carried out, as a rule, for convection conditions. But during inversion, very high concentrations of dust can occur on industrial sites. The task of assessing the level of dust pollution of atmospheric air at an industrial site during dust emission in conditions of inversion from a coal stack is considered. A three-dimensional equation of convective-diffusion dispersion of contamination in atmospheric air, compatible with the approach of Prof. Berliand M. on determining the value of the vertical diffusion coefficient in the surface layer of the atmosphere for the case of inversion, to model dispersion of dust from a coal stack under inversion conditions is used. Numerical integration of the modeling equation of convective-diffusion transport of contamination is carried out on the basis of the splitting method compatible with the use of a locally one-dimensional finite-difference scheme. The results of a computational experiment to determine dust pollution zones at the Prydniprovsk thermal power station are presented.
Simulation of Chemical Accident with Ammonia at the Pipe Line
(Kaunas University of Technology, 2023) Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Berlov, Oleksandr V.; Biliaieva, Viktoriia V.; Kozachyna, Vitalii A.; Kozachyna, Valeriia; Mashykhina, Polina B.
ENG: Ammonia is transported through Ukraine via the Togliatti-Odesa ammonia pipeline. The hostilities in Ukraine pose a risk of damage to this transportation system as a result of a shell, mine, etc. hitting the transportation system. Therefore, it is very important to predict the possible consequences of environmental pollution in the event of such an extreme situation. A numerical model was developed to solve this problem. The three-dimensional equation of convective-diffusive transport of an impurity in the atmosphere is used to predict the dynamics of pollution of atmospheric air and the underlying surface. Finite-difference splitting schemes are used to numerically integrate this equation. On the basis of the constructed numerical model, a computer code was developed to take into account the change in the intensity of ammonia leakage from the damaged pipeline. The results of a computational experiment are presented.
Simulation of the Formation of Protective Coatings using the Radial Distribution Function of Atoms
(Dnipro State Technical University, Kamianske, Ukraine, 2023) Sereda, Borys; Baskevich, Oleksandr; Gulivets, Alexey; Udod, Andrey
ENG: Studies of the structural factors of alloys, carried out using wide-angle and small-angle X-ray studies, allowed us to identify general patterns for various alloys. The use of apodization of the Fourier distribution of X-ray diffraction (XRD) contributes to the leveling of the effect of the break in the experimental intensity curve and facilitates close-order modeling. It was established that the height of the main peak of the structural factor decreases, and the position slightly shifts towards larger angles when the arrangement of alloys increases. The second maxima of the structural factor have an asymmetric shape, which varies depending on the conditions for obtaining the alloys. As the amount of phosphorus in the alloys decreases, the relief and height of the peaks increase. It was found that the diversity of the close order of the alloys is related to the deposition conditions, in particular, to a large value of the overvoltage at the cathode and the penetration of phosphorus atoms into the structure of the alloys. The obtained modeling results allow us to establish the conditions for the formation of close order in alloys and expand our understanding of the structural features of materials.
Simulation of the Structure of Chromium Carbide in the Research of Amorphous Alloys
(Dnipro State Technical University, Kamianske, Ukraine, 2023) Kruglyak, Irina; Baskevich, Oleksandr; Gulivets, Alexey; Maksimenko, Oleg
ENG: Work are considered theoretical aspects of modeling amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys of transition metals and metalloids. Modeling of the close order of amorphous Cr–C alloys obtained by the electrodeposition method was carried out, depending on the current density and temperature of the electrolyte. The dependence between the production conditions and the close order of amorphous alloys was established. A technique for deciphering the radial distribution function of atoms (RDF) based on the concept of the cluster structure of amorphous metals has been developed. Modeling of the close order of amorphous Cr–C alloys was carried out using the approximation of the peaks of FRPA atoms, which are characteristic of the amorphous Ni86P14 alloy. The structure of electrodeposited Cr–C precipitates at different values of current density and electrolyte temperatures was investigated. It was established that the structure of the material is amorphous, and the sizes of the oriented random regions (ORA) vary from 3.6 to 5 nm. The lattice parameters of the samples increase slightly, which is associated with a change in the amount of carbon. The volume of the sediment consists of ORA, the shape of which is close to cuboctahedra, and the volume fraction decreases with an increase in the temperature of the electrolyte.
Study of the Short-Range Order of Co-W Alloys Electrodeposited Using Pulse Current
(Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 2023) Gerasimenko, Dmitriy; Tytarenko, Valentina V.
ENG: Pulsed electrodeposition modes allowed to obtain amorphous Co-W alloys. Using X-ray phase and spectral analysis methods, it was established that the deposition modes and the concentration of the amorphizing component (sodium tungstate salts) in an aqueous electrolyte solution affect the amorphization of alloys. The short-range atomic order was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis and the sizes of the regions of ordered arrangement of atoms were determined in X-ray amorphous Co-W alloys obtained by pulsed electrodeposition. The radial distribution function of atoms was analysed. The assumption is made that cobalt and tungsten atoms combine into configurations that are irregular polyhedrons.
Адгезійна міцність електроосаджених металевих плівок з металевими підкладками
(Дніпровський національний університет ім. Олеся Гончара, Дніпро, Україна, 2023) Штапенко, Едуард Пилипович; Воронков, Євген Олегович; Заблудовський, Володимир Олександрович; Титаренко, Валентина Василівна; Краєва, Віолетта С.; Кузнецов, Віталій Миколайович
UKR: У роботі розглянуто адгезійну міцність електроосаджених покриттів нікелю, заліза, міді та цинку на мідній та сталевій підкладках. Для визначення теоретичних значень адгезійної міцності запропоновано теоретичний підхід до визначення адгезійної міцності на межі метал-метал. Авторами на основі аналізу механізму адгезії і природи контактної взаємодії отримано аналітичний вираз для розрахунку значень адгезійної міцності для певних пар металів, проте знаходження точного значення ряду величин, що входять у цей вираз, наприклад, питомої енергії зв'язку та модуля пружності, становить великі труднощі. Розрахунок енергії взаємодії атомів покриття та підкладки проводили за методом теорії функціоналу густини. У результаті було отримано теоретичні значення адгезійної міцності електроосаджених покриттів нікелю, заліза, міді та цинку на мідній та сталевій підкладках, які добре узгоджуються з експериментальними значеннями адгезійної міцності. Однак, існуючі розбіжності між теоретичними та експериментальними даними викликані певними труднощами знаходження питомої енергії зв'язку та модуля пружності, які пов'язані зі складністю моделювання реальної структури як плівки, так і підкладки. Пошуки вирішення цих питань стануть предметом подальших досліджень.
Дослідження ефективності використання захисних екранів різної форми для зниження забруднення повітря
(Придніпровська державна академія будівництва та архітектури, Дніпро, 2023) Біляєв, Микола Миколайович; Берлов, Олександр Вікторович; Біляєва, Вікторія Віталіївна; Козачина, Віталій Анатолійович; Якубовська, З. М.
UKR: Постановка проблеми. Розглядається задача оцінювання ефективності використання захисних екранів різної геометричної форми для зниження рівня забруднення повітря. Такі екрани дозволяють змінити аеродинаміку повітряного потоку та перенаправити рух забрудненого повітря від робочих зон в інший бік. Мета роботи − дослідження ефективності використання захисних екранів різної геометричної форми для зниження рівня забруднення, створення тривимірної числової моделі для аналізу ефективності використання захисних екранів. Методика. Для аналізу ефективності екранів різної геометричної форми застосовується метод фізичного експерименту в лабораторних умовах. Для математичного моделювання поширення домішки за наявності екранів використовуються тривимірні рівняння аеродинаміки та масопереносу. Розроблена числова модель дозволяє врахувати профіль швидкості повітряного потоку, атмосферну дифузію, інтенсивність емісії домішки, швидкість гравітаційного осадження домішки в повітрі. Для числового інтегрування моделювальних рівнянь аеродинаміки та масопереносу використовуються скінченнорізницеві схеми розщеплення. Наукова новизна. Експериментальним шляхом отримано дані щодо ефективності використання чотирьох захисних екранів, які відрізняються геометричною формою. Експериментальні дані дають можливість здійснити первинне оцінювання впливу різних екранів на зниження рівня забруднення в робочих зонах. Розроблена швидкорозрахункова 3D числова модель для розв’язання задач аеродинаміки та масопереносу стосовно проблеми оцінювання ефективності використання екранів у зонах, де має місце забруднення атмосферного повітря. Практична значимість. Експериментальні дані дають можливість обґрунтувати вибір захисного екрана біля автотраси або іншої ділянки на промисловому майданчику, де має місце емісія домішки. На базі розробленої математичної моделі створено комп’ютерний код, що дозволяє прогнозувати інтенсивність забруднення повітря за наявності перешкод, які змінюють аеродинаміку та напрям переносу домішки в атмосфері. Висновки. Результати фізичного експерименту дозволяють уявити закономірності формування областей забруднення біля захисних екранів різної геометричної форми. Розроблена математична модель дозволяє оцінювати забруднення повітря в областях, де є перешкоди на шляху руху домішки. Наведено результати фізичного та обчислювального експериментів.
Експрес-розрахунок забруднення робочих зон біля транспортного коридору у випадку екстремальних ситуацій на залізниці
(Придніпровська державна академія будівництва та архітектури, Дніпро, 2023) Біляєва, Вікторія Віталіївна ; Берлов, Олександр Вікторович; Козачина, Віталій Анатолійович; Тимошенко, О. А.; Полторацька, В. М.
UKR: Постановка проблеми. Розглядається задача експрес-оцінювання областей забруднення атмосферного повітря в робочих зонах біля транспортного коридору в разі екстремальних ситуацій на залізниці, що спричинюють емісію хімічно небезпечних речовин. Мета роботи – розроблення чисельної моделі для швидкого аналізу областей забруднення атмосферного повітря в умовах конвекції. Методика. Для визначення областей забруднення атмосферного повітря, що формуються при екстремальних ситуаціях на залізниці у випадку емісії хімічно небезпечних речовин, застосовується тривимірне рівняння конвективно-дифузійного розповсюдження домішки в атмосфері. Враховується нерівномірний профіль вітру з висотою та залежність коефіцієнтів атмосферної дифузії від швидкості вітру. Для чисельного розв’язання тривимірного рівняння масопереносу домішки в атмосферному повітрі застосовуються скінченорізницеві схеми розщеплення. Наукова новизна. Розроблено ефективну чисельну модель для визначення областей забруднення повітря біля транспортного коридору у випадку викиду хімічно небезпечних речовин на залізниці. Практична значущість. На базі побудованої чисельної моделі розроблено комп’ютерну програму, що дозволяє оперативно розраховувати динаміку формування областей хімічного забруднення біля транспортного коридору в разі екстремальних ситуацій на залізниці. Висновки. Розроблено чисельна модель та комп’ютерний код, що дозволяють методом обчислювального експерименту оцінювати забруднення робочих зон біля транспортного коридору у випадку екстремальних ситуацій на залізниці. Побудована модель має широкий робочий діапазон та враховує найбільш суттєві фізичні фактори, що впливають на формування зон хімічного забруднення в повітрі. Наведено результати обчислювального експерименту.

Browse

Browsing Статті КГВФ (ДІІТ) by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options