Browsing by Author "Shvets, Anzhela O."
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Item Application of APM WinMachine Software for Design and Calculations in Mechanical Engineering(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Neduzha, Larysa O.; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: Purpose. To conduct the research at all stages of design, development, operation, residual operation life determination, namely, preliminary study, action principle choice, design of draft and technical projects, their optimization, preparation of design documentation and control information for automated production, comprehensive engineering analysis, it is required to use the latest computer technologies. Their use can not only present data and information in some way, but also gives the opportunity to effectively and directly interact with the information object that is created or demonstrated. Methodology. To perform engineering calculations associated with the analysis of the strength of machines, mechanisms, constructions one uses both analytical and numerical methods in practice. The most common method for analysing the stress-strain state of object models, obtaining their dynamic and stability characteristics at constant and variable modes of external load is the finite element method, which is implemented in many famous and widespread software products, providing strength calculation of models of machines, mechanisms and structures. Findings. The use of modern software for designing machine parts and various types of their joints and for strength analysis of structures is justified. Colour charts for distribution of stresses, displacement, internal efforts, safety factor and others allow accurate and quick identification of the most dangerous places in the structure. The program also provides an opportunity to «look» inside the elements and see the resulting distribution of internal force factors. Originality. The paper considered the aspects, which are unexplored at present, associated with the current state and prospects of development of industrial production, the use of software package for design and calculations in the mechanical industry. The result of the work is the justification of software application for solving problems that are aimed at using research findings for various practical tasks in specific fields of mechanical engineering. Practical value. Compared with other software systems, popularity of the considered one is explained by easy mastering of the system, quick implementation both in training and in production process The organizational structure, «friendly» graphical interface and accessible language make learning and use of the program very convenient. These and other factors actually reduce the time for project implementation, emphasize the relevance and the practical importance of the software system, which is appreciated by its users.Item Coefficient of Stability Against Lift by Longitudinal Forces of Freight Cars in Trains(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020) Shvets, Anzhela O.; Shatunov, Oleksandr V.; Dovhaniuk, Stepan S.; Muradian, Leontii A.; Pularyia, Andriy L.; Kalashnik, Vladimir A.EN: The paper is devoted to a theoretical study of the car movement stability when exposed to longitudinal forces of a quasistatic nature. The authors obtained the expressions for calculating the resistance coefficient of the car lift by the longitudinal compressive force acting on the car as part of a freight train. The influence of some factor’s combination on the longitudinal forces, at which the car movement stability is still maintained, was analyzed using the analytical dependencies to assess the longitudinal loading of cars in trains. The study was carried out by analytical method for assessing the freight car stability when moving at different speeds along curved track sections. The calculations were made in a curve of small radius taking into account the inertia forces from the unbalanced acceleration. In a theoretical study, the influence of quasistatic longitudinal compressive forces depending on changes in speed and force value, as well as the influence of friction in the wheel flange and rail contact and the eccentricity of fastening the automatic coupler shank on the stability were considered. When applying the results obtained, the stability of freight rolling stock can be increased, which in turn will remove some existing restrictions on the permissible speeds and increase the technical speed of train movement. Using the described methodology for determining the lift resistance coefficient will make it possible to justify the cause of derailment, as well as to develop and put into practice technical measures to prevent the lift of carriages, thrusts and shears of the track.Item Determination of the Issue Concerning the lift Resistance Factor of lightweight Car(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2015) Shvets, Anzhela O.; Zheleznov, Konstantine I.; Аkulov, Artem S.; Zabolotnyi, Oleksandr M.; Chabaniuk, Evhen V.EN: Purpose. The analytical study of the connection between the longitudinal force, acting on the light-weight car, lateral and vertical forces of interaction in the contact zone «wheel – rail» with the lift resistance factor value is to provide a simple relationships between them. Methodology. Research was conducted by the method of mathematical modeling of loading the freight car when driving at different speeds on straight and curved sections of a track. Findings. Even in the absence of «lift» accordingly the classical train stability theory, as the hinge-rod system, the presence of the longitudinal compressive forces may become a factor provoking cars derailment. The main reason of wheel climbing on rails is the combination of processes of dynamic interaction between the hunting vehicle and the track with simultaneous action of longitudinal compressive forces, and not the destabilization of train as a hingedrod system. To assess the impact of the longitudinal forces value on the lift resistance factor there are presented the calculation results for the empty gondola car motion, model No. 12-532, on 250 m radius curve with 150 mm rise and cross starting of car underframe relating to the track axis in 50 mm guiding section. The calculations were made in such a curve excluding the inertial forces from outstanding acceleration and taking into account the unbalanced acceleration with the permissible speed of 65 km/h. Originality. This study provides the technique of determining the lift resistance factor by longitudinal forces, which is somewhat different from the standard one, as well as evaluates impact of rolling stock speed on this factor. Practical value. The authors clarify the current method of determining the lift resistance factor by longitudinal forces and assess the impact of rolling stock speed on the value of this factor. From these studies one can conclude that because of cars hunting their lift is possible even when the train as hinge-rod system does not lose stability. The developed proposals allow reducing the number of car derailment by taking into account important parameters and characteristics during the process of calculation and design that increase their stability in the rail track especially in case of increased speed of freight trains.Item Dynamic Indicators Influencing Design Solution for Modernization of the Freight Rolling Stock(University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 2021) Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: Rolling stock directly affects the economic indices of the transport industry and the national economy as a whole, leading to the need to improve control and quantify of the rolling stock dynamic load in order to maintain safe and reliable rail connections. In the process of rolling stock designing and operating, a quantitative assessment of dynamic loads is an urgent scientific and technical problem. The article presents an analysis of theoretical studies of the rolling stock dynamic characteristics on the example of open wagons, flat wagons and hopper wagons. The loading modes influence on the dynamic loading of the wagon has been studied with the aim of solving the problem of predicting the dynamics of rolling stock and indicators of its interaction with the track. The results of theoretical studies are presented taking into account the motion speed along the curved track of short and medium radius.Item Improvement of Mathematical Models for Estimation of Train Dynamics(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2017) Ursulyak, Ludmila V.; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: Purpose. Using scientific publications the paper analyzes the mathematical models developed in Ukraine, CIS countries and abroad for theoretical studies of train dynamics and also shows the urgency of their further improvement. Methodology. Information base of the research was official full-text and abstract databases, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, professional periodicals, materials of scientific and practical conferences, methodological materials of ministries and departments. Analysis of publications on existing mathematical models used to solve a wide range of problems associated with the train dynamics study shows the expediency of their application. Findings. The results of these studies were used in: 1) design of new types of draft gears and air distributors; 2) development of methods for controlling the movement of conventional and connected trains; 3) creation of appropriate process flow diagrams; 4) development of energy-saving methods of train driving; 5) revision of the Construction Codes and Regulations (SNiP ΙΙ-39.76); 6) when selecting the parameters of the autonomous automatic control system, created in DNURT, for an auxiliary locomotive that is part of a connected train; 7) when creating computer simulators for the training of locomotive drivers; 8) assessment of the vehicle dynamic indices characterizing traffic safety. Scientists around the world conduct numerical experiments related to estimation of train dynamics using mathematical models that need to be constantly improved. Originality. The authors presented the main theoretical postulates that allowed them to develop the existing mathematical models for solving problems related to the train dynamics. The analysis of scientific articles published in Ukraine, CIS countries and abroad allows us to determine the most relevant areas of application of mathematical models. Practical value. The practical value of the results obtained lies in the scientific validity and applied orientation of theoretical studies using mathematical models, the improvement of which will expand the range of problems to be solved, and increase the level of reliability of the results obtained.Item Influence of Loading from the Axle of a Gondola Car on its Dynamic Indicators and Railway Track(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2019) Shvets, Anzhela O.; Bolotov, Oleksij O.EN: Purpose. Increasing the maximum loading from the car axle on the rails during transportation of goods and the speed of movement of railway vehicles will enhance the integration processes between the countries. In order to ensure safe and reliable traffic at the railways it is necessary to improve control, quantitative evaluation of the dy-namic loading of the rolling stock, which in the process of its operation is a relevant scientific and technical prob-lem. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the axle loading increase in gondola cars, taking into ac-count the possible speed increase on their main dynamic indicators and indicators of interaction of rolling stock and track. Methodology. The study was carried out by the method of mathematical and computer simulation of the dy-namic loading of a gondola car using the model of spatial oscillations of the coupling of five cars and the software complex developed in the branch research laboratory of the dynamics and strength of rolling stock (BRL DSRS). The initial data for research are as follows: the movement of gondola car of the model 12-532 with typical bogies of 18-100 at the speeds ranging from 50 to 90 km/h in curves with radii of 350 and 600 m, with superelevation of 130 and 120 mm, respectively. Findings. The article analyzes the dynamic qualities of a rolling stock using the example of gondola cars, the calculations are performed using the package of applied programs with sufficient accuracy for practice. During the theoretical studies and simulation, taking into account the processes of freight car oscillation in case of increasing the axle loading, the dependences of the main dynamic parameters, taking into account the movement speed were obtained. Originality. Originality of the work results lies in the study of the influence of in-creasing the axle loading in gondola cars, taking into account the possible movement speed increase on the dynamic loading in order to solve the problem of forecasting the rolling stock dynamics. The results of theoretical studies, taking into account the movement speed in the curved track sections of small and medium radius were obtained for the first time. Practical value. The application of these results will contribute to improving the traffic safety of freight cars and will improve the technical and economic performance of railway transport.Item The Influence of the «Train-Track» System Parameters on the Maximum Longitudinal Forces' Level(Silesian University of Technology, Katowice, Poland, 2019) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Ursulyak, Liudmyla V.; Kostrytsia, Serhii A.; Fedorov, Yevhen F.; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: The main objective of the simulation is to study the effect caused by the parameters of the longitudinal profile on the maxima of longitudinal forces in freight trains of increased length during adjustment braking and running-out. To decrease the number of numerical experiments, some empirical formulae for estimating the maximum longitudinal forces during the motion of freight trains along the track with various configurations of its longitudinal profile's gradient changes have been obtained for the first time. Comparison of those forces with the permitted values, from the point of view of the railway stock strength and eventual vehicle derailment, has been performed. As a result of numerical integration of the system of non-linear differential equations of train motion for the considered driving modes, the values of the greatest longitudinal shock and quasi-static forces, as well as the dependence of the latter on the train length, initial braking velocity, on the algebraic difference of gradients and the length of the horizontal area that separates two gradients with opposite signs are estimated. The proposed mathematical model and methodology can be applied during standardization of the longitudinal profile's parameters from the point of view of the freight traffic safety for the trains of various length.Item Research of Dynamic Indicators and Influence of Different Types of Rolling Stock on Railway Track(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020) Shvets, Anzhela O.; Bolotov, O. M.; Percevoj, A. K.; Ghlukhov V. V.; Bolotov, Oleksij O.; Saparova, L. S.EN: The technical level of rolling stock of railway transport directly affects the economic indicators of the transport industry and the economy of the country as a whole, which leads to the need for improvement of the control, quantitative assessment of the dynamic loading of rolling stock to ensure safe and reliable communication at the railways. Therefore, in the process of designing and operating the rolling stock the quantitative assessment of dynamic loadings is a relevant scientific and technical problem. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of different types of rolling stock, taking into account the speed of movement on their main dynamic indicators and indicators of interaction of track and rolling stock. The basis of the research is the method of mathematical and computer simulation of the dynamic loading of a freight car using the model of spatial variations of the coupling of five cars and a software complex developed in the branch research laboratory of dynamics and strength of rolling stock (BRL DSRS). Theoretical studies have been carried out under condition of movement of several types of freight cars: a gondola car of the model 12-532, a hopper car for coal transportation of the model 12-4034 and a flat car with a long cargo of the model 13-401 and typical bogies 18-100 with the speeds from 50 to 90 km/h in the curves with radii 350 and 600 m, with superelevation 130 and 120 mm, correspondingly.Item Research of Wheel-Rail Wear Due to Non-Symmetrical Loading of a Flat Car(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, 2019) Shatunov, Oleksandr V.; Shvets, Anzhela O.; Kirilchuk, Oleg A.; Shvets, Anzhelika O.EN: Purpose. The paper is aimed at determining the influence of non-symmetrical loading of a flat car on the magni-tude of the wear factor of a wheel-rail pair when changing the operation parameters. Methodology. The dynamic loading of 13-401 model flat car with typical three-piece bogies is studied using a model of spatial oscillations of a five-car coupling using mathematical and computer simulation. Theoretical calculations are performed for the most dangerous sections of the railway track – small and medium radius curves in the range of permissible speeds. Findings. The indicators of wear of the rolling stock wheels and the rails are analysed on the example of flat cars in the presence of a longitudinal and transverse displacement of the load mass centre relative to the car symmetry centrer. To obtain information on the effect of permissible deviations of the arrangement of cargo in the car on the magnitude of the dynamic loading of the wheel-rail contact, the authors performed theoretical studies of the spatial variations of the rail carriage and its interaction with the track. Originality. To determine the wear of the wheel-rail pair, the effect of displacement in two directions from the central axis of symmetry of the load gravity centre was studied, taking into account the value of the travel speed along the curved sections of the small and medium radius using a mathematical model of coupling of five freight cars. Practical value. As a result of the theoretical studies carried out, the authors assessed such factors as wear factor, directional force, and hunting of the wheel set of freight rolling stock in the event of load gravity centre displacement when moving along curved sections of the railway track. To establish the possible cause of intensive wear of the wheels and rails, the following parameters were ana-lysed: lozenging of front bogie side frames; hunting of the left side frame of the front bogie; mutual longitudinal movement of the side frame and axle box of the front wheel set; mutual hunting of the left side frame of the bogie relative to the front wheel set.Item Software and Hardware Simulators for Train Drivers Training: Overview of Possibilities and Effects of Application(Wydawnictwo SIGMA, Poland, 2020) Nikitenko, Anatolii; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: The task of mastering and improving practical skills is one of the most difficult tasks in the process of education and training of specialists in any brunch of industry. Thanks to the rapid development of computer and information technologies, this problem could be solved through the use of multimedia simulators realised using software simulators or by application of hybrid simulators using the equipment of a real train. The paper describes the possibilities of training drivers and students to effective driving modes of train using the developments of universities.Item Some Dynamic Processes at Longitudinally-Transverse Shift of the Cargo(Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2023) Muradian, Leontii A.; Shvets, Anzhelika O.; Shvets, Anzhela O.ENG: The purpose of the work is to study the influence of the longitudinally-transverse shift of the cargo’s center of mass on the dynamic loading of the wagon in order to solve the problem of predicting the dynamics and stability of an asymmetrically loaded railroad vehicle. During the analytical simulation, a multibody model of the spatial oscillations of the wagon was used. The differential equations of wagon oscillations are compiled using the d'Alembert principle, while the wagon is considered as a system with 42 degrees of freedom. The work presents the results of analytical simulation of some dynamic processes of interaction of railroad vehicles with the rails on the example of flat wagons. The results of the analytical simulation are presented, taking into account the speed of movement along the curved sections of the railway track. The proposed multibody model "heavy cargo – wagon" makes it possible to analytically determine the dynamic characteristics of the system and ensure the development of such methods of transportation of heavy cargo that meet the requirements of train traffic safety. The application of the obtained results will help improve the running safety of freight wagons and enhance the technical and economic performance of railways.Item Spatial Vibration of Cargo Cars in Computer Modelling with the Account of Their Inertia Properties(Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, 2010) Myamlin, Serhiy V.; Ten, Oleksandr O.; Neduzha, Larysa O.; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: The papers describes some methods for more exact computation of the freight wagon's inertial characteristics, that is necessary for performing more exact computer simulation of the railway vehicle dynamics. Comparison of the simulation results with the test data shows the appropriate coincidence between them that confirms the mathematical model's adequacy.Item Study of Dynamic Indicators of Flat Wagon with Load Centre Shift(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2019) Shatunov, Oleksandr V.; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: Purpose. The article deals with the determining the influence of the longitudinal and lateral shift of gravity cen-tre of the heavy load on the flat wagons, taking into account the travel speed based on the main dynamic indicators – the maximum coefficients of the dynamic supplement of spring-suspended and unsprung parts, the maximum ratio of frame force to static axle load, the wheel derailment safety factor. Methodology. The study was carried out using the method of mathematical and computer simulation of the dynamic loading of flat wagons based on the model of spatial oscillations of five coupled wagons and the software complex developed in the branch research laboratory of the rolling stock dynamics and strength (BRL RSDS). Theoretical studies were carried out during the movement of the model 13-401 flat wagon on typical 18-100 bogies with speeds in the range from 50 to 90 km/h in curves with radii of 350 and 600 m, with 130 and 120 mm canting, respectively. Findings. The paper presents the analysis of theoretical studies of the rolling stock dynamics on the example of flat wagons. The calculations were carried out using an application software package. In the course of performing theoretical studies and after simulation, taking into account the processes of oscillation of the flat wagon and load in the presence of longitudinal and lateral shift of its gravity centre, the dependences of the main dynamic indicators were obtained with regard to the magnitude of the travel speed. Originality. Using the mathematical model of the five coupled wagons, the effect of shift in two direc-tions from the central symmetry axis of the heavy load centre was studied with regard to the travel speed along the curved track of small and medium radius in order to determine the dynamic loading of the flat wagon. Practical value. As a result of the above theoretical studies, the recommendations on the maximum possible values of the centre shift of heavy loads during their transportation on flat wagons are substantiated and proposed.Item To the Problem of Train Running Safety(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Ursulyak, Liudmyla V.; Zhelieznov, Konstiantyn I.; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: The paper is presenting the procedure used for establishing the cause of the wagon derailment. To do this, the computer simulations and the computational software, developed in the Dnipro National University of Railway Transport (DIIT) were used. The level of longitudinal forces and the wagons dynamic performance have been evaluated using the mathematical models of longitudinal oscillations of a train and the spatial vibrations of wagons, in particular of tank wagons. As a result of modeling we obtained oscillograms of longitudinal forces in each inter-wagon connection, the dependence of the largest longitudinal forces on travel time and distance traveled, the distribution of the maximum longitudinal forces along the train length, the speed dependence on travel time and track coordinates. We also obtained the dynamic performance of wagons: the vertical dynamics coefficients of the axlebox and central suspension, the horizontal dynamics coefficients and the derailment stability coefficient. The influence of the movable load in the tank wagons and the characteristics of rail irregularities on the stability coefficient against wheel climbing onto the rail is also considered. The presented methodology was used to determine the cause of the tank wagon derailment in a non-homogenous freight train consisting of 50 wagon tanks on an existing track section of the Lithuanian railways. When simulating the train movement, it was assumed that the train was equipped with elastic-friction absorbing devices and air distributors, turned on to the average operation mode. As a result of numerical experiments, an assumption was made about the cause of the train derailment.Item Train Driver Trainer-Simulator(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. акад. В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2014) Akulov, Artem S.; Zhelieznov, Konstantine I.; Zabolotnyi, Oleksandr M.; Nikitenko, Anatoliy V.; Chabaniuk, Evhen V.; Shvets, Anzhela O.EN: Engineering and Design Specialized Department “Microprocessor-Based Control Systems and Safety in the Railway Transport” (EDSD MBCSS) is a subdivision of the Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after Ac. V. Lazarian. Main goals of EDSD MBCSS are the development of hardware-software system “Train Driver Trainer-Simulator” – which is intended to teach the train drivers to the safety and energy-efficient modes of the train driving – and development other teaching and simulating program systems. We can produce the train driver trainer of any vehicles type for any section of the road. Our product allows to solve the real problems which include not only traffic safety, saving of energy consumption or something else in the road but also preparation, retraining and certification of your new, untrained, really experienced or professional drivers and their assistants.Item Некоторые аспекты определения устойчивости порожних вагонов от выжимания их продольными силами в грузовых поездах(Днепропетровский национальный университет железнодорожного транспорта имени академика В. Лазаряна, Днепропетровск, 2015) Швец, Анжела Александровна; Швець, Анжела Олександрівна; Shvets, Angela A.; Shvets, Anzhela O.; Железнов, Константин Игоревич; Желєзнов, Костянтин Ігоревич; Zheleznov, Konstantine I.; Zhelieznov, Konstantine I.; Акулов, Артем Сергеевич; Акулов, Артем Сергійович; Akulov, Artem S.; Заболотный, Александр Николаевич; Заболотний, Олександр Миколайович; Zabolotnyi, Oleksandr M.; Чабанюк, Евгений Викторович; Чабанюк, Євген Вікторович; Chabaniuk, Evhen V.RU: Цель. Несмотря на реализацию многочисленных программ по повышению безопасности движения поездов, проблема снижения сходов подвижного состава с рельсов по-прежнему является актуальной. Цель исследования – уточнить существующую методику определения коэффициента запаса устойчивости от выжимания продольными силами для обеспечения устойчивости вагонов при увеличении скоростей движения подвижного состава. Методика. Исследование проводилось методом математического моделирования нагруженности грузового вагона при движении с различными скоростями по прямым и кривым участкам пути. Результаты. Анализ полученных результатов показывает, что для всех выбранных для расчетов грузовых вагонов величины коэффициента запаса устойчивости от выжимания меньше, чем по нормативным формулам. Исправления, внесенные в формулу для определения коэффициента запаса устойчивости от выжимания продольными силами, позволят: 1) добиться повышения запаса устойчивости легковесных вагонов, исключив их выжимание продольными силами во всем диапазоне допустимых скоростей движения грузовых поездов; 2) разработать и реализовать меры по предотвращению выжимания вагонов во всем диапазоне скоростей движения; 3) определить степень устойчивости порожнего вагона в голове, в середине и в хвосте груженого поезда; 4) предложить оптимальные схемы формирования смешанных поездов. Научная новизна. В исследовании приведен анализ существующих методик определения коэффициента запаса устойчивости вагонов в грузовых поездах от выжимания продольными силами, а также разработаны предложения по уточнению этих методик на стадии проектирования, постройки и в процессе эксплуатации. Практическая значимость. В данном исследовании уточняется существующая методика определения коэффициента запаса устойчивости от выжимания продольными силами, а также оценивается влияние скорости движения подвижного состава на величину этого коэффициента. Разработанные предложения по уточнению существующих методик определения коэффициента запаса устойчивости от выжимания вагонов продольными силами в поезде позволяют снизить количество сходов вагонов с рельсов. Это достигается за счет учета при расчетах и проектировании важных параметров и характеристик, повышающих их устойчивость в рельсовой колее, особенно при увеличении скоростей движения грузовых поездов.