Кафедра "Фінанси та економічна безпека"
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RU: Кафедра "Финансы и экономическая безопасность"
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Browsing Кафедра "Фінанси та економічна безпека" by Author "Kolomiiets, Viktoriia"
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Item The Institutional Content of the Human Capital of the National Economy(Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, Riga, LV, 2017) Kolomiiets, Viktoriia; Golovkova, LiudmilaUK: In the current conditions of transformation of traditional institutes and institutions and formation of a new institutional state, the institutional content of human capital as the most valuable resource of the economy changes. Along with the existing research, the transformation of the old institutional system and the emergence of new institutes and institutions require an analysis of the updated institutional content of the human capital of the national economy. The purpose of the paper – to reveal the institutional content of the human capital of the national economy. In the process of work, the following tasks are set and solved: to study economic and institutional conditions of functioning of human capital, to determine the material content of human capital in the context of institutionalism and the process of institutionalization of human capital. Methodology. A methodological basis is a dialectical approach. To study the institutional content of human capital, abstract-logical and system-structural methods are used. Results. Economic conditions for the formation and functioning of human capital are determined by the instability of the economic situation in Ukraine caused by the fall in the gross domestic product, the inappropriate growth of prices and wages, inflation, and military-political confrontation. Institutional conditions of Ukraine accumulate the following components: those that remained from the previous regimes; transformed components, imported components. The large financial capital, business structures, shadow economy, public sector of the country interact on a fundamentally different institutional basis. The main factor characterizing the institutional development of our country is the uncertainty of limits of institutionalization. The essential institutional conditions for the functioning of human capital are also the absence of a positive or negative experience of existence, coexistence of certain institutions in a certain economy of the country. The institutional content of the human capital of the national economy depends directly on the established institutional system of a particular country, its development. Human capital is the embodiment of the individual’s ability to generate income, the amount of abilities, knowledge, qualifications, and skills of an individual employee. Human capital can be defined as a synthesis of components of human capital in the manufacturing sector, the research sector, in the education sector. Human capital is limited in its actions by the institutional structure of society. The institutional environment of the human capital of the national economy is made of determined rules, norms, and institutions. The close interaction of components of institutional environment must not only occur for the development and efficient functioning of the human capital of the national economy, but its existence is determined by the natural existence of the institutional environment. For the national economy of the country, institutional influence manifests itself as a result of the action of a certain institutional system of human capital and its actual ability to produce a gross product. The unpredictability of human behaviour and actions, which is primarily related to its psychology, causes considerable difficulties in the process of institutionalization of human capital. Therefore, the institutionalization of the environment threatens opportunism on the part of human capital. Practical implications. The theoretical research should be the basis for the formation of the state policy in the field of human capital management of the national economy, development of a strategy for human capital development, the basis for further research. Value/originality. The theoretical study is performed personally by the authors of the scientific article.Item Institutional Models of the New Economy Development(Espacios INC, Panamá, 2019) Tkach, Anatoliy Ar.; Radieva, Maryna; Kolomiiets, ViktoriiaEN: Abstract: The topic is determined by the modern tendencies of a new economic paradigm development in the context of institutionalism and its peculiar features, such as the sharing economy and human capital. The aim of the article is to develop a methodological approach to the institutional models of the sharing economy and the human capital formation, as well as the causes and the prospects of their evolvement. The basic method of the study was content analysis, which allowed the representation of the sharing economy growth factors and to define its features and models through the combination of the institutions. The result of the research is the development of the theoretical basis for the sharing economy institutional paradigm as the important component of the new economy, which does not correspond to the current business models that regard the human capital as the mean but not the aim of the economic evolvement. The authors present the scientific knowledge of the sharing economy practical forms in accordance with the institutionalism.Item Institutional Platforms of the Transformation of the Economy(Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, Riga, LV, 2019) Tkach, Anatoliy Ar.; Kolomiiets, Viktoriia; Radieva, MarynaEN: Abstract. Institutional transformations in economies of countries are considered as the basis of their civilizational development. The concept was put forward that in order to ensure transformations in the economy, it is necessary to promote the formation of a specific set of institutional platforms – new institutes and institutions that will create an environment for the formation and development of a socially oriented market economic system of society. The main controversial components of the institutional platform include: institutional changes in the economy, the creation of the corporate sector, the development of human capital institutions. The purpose of the paper. The purpose of the study is to promote and reveal the essence of the formation of institutional platforms to ensure reforms of various components of a transformational economy. Methodology. Formation of institutional platforms of the transformational economy is investigated on the basis of the theory of institutional changes and such institutions of a market economy as property rights, the corporate sector, and human capital. Results. Institutional platforms of transformations are presented as continuous informal changes that are fixed in the formal institutional system of society in the form of legal acts, codes of conduct, and institutions designed to enforce them. It is substantiated that in order to ensure institutional transformations in the economy, it is necessary to form a dynamic institutional platform that determines the system of basic institutions. The process of formation and effective use of the institute of human capital is analysed, which becomes a priority for the economic development of the country’s potential. The presence of mature human capital predetermines the country’s economic potential and its strategic growth. The main content of the new economy is that human capital turns from a resource to the essence of development itself. An approach to developing an institutional platform for the development of human capital as a process of natural accumulation or the forced introduction of basic institutions capable of ensuring the emergence of new institutions or significantly modernizing existing rules is proposed. It is proved that transnational capital erases economic, political, and cultural national differences, forms a favourable global infrastructure, ensures the development of countries that define the basis of the world corporate economy. It is substantiated that, institutionally, a corporation creates a new type of economic relations, which are reflected in the rules and code of corporate behaviour. Institutional analysis created the conditions for developing a new approach to designing the trajectory of the development of the national economy on the grounds that the formation of a certain institutional system determines the trajectory of the further development of the state and world economy. Practical implications. Theoretical research should be the foundation of state policy in the management of the process of creating formal institutions as the basis of an institutional platform. This requires certain clarifications regarding the possible gap between the rules declared by the legislation and the mechanism for ensuring their observance, the basis for further research. Value/originality. The theoretical study is carried out personally by the authors of this scientific article.