Діалектика діяльності й бездіяльності людини в філософії К. Маркса

Abstract

UK: Розглянуто феномен людської бездіяльності в філософії марксизму. Особливу увагу приділено екзистенційним аспектам діалектики діяльності й бездіяльності людини.

RU: Рассмотрен феномен человеческой бездеятельности в философии марксизма. Особое внимание уделено экзистенциальным аспектам диалектики деятельности и бездеятельности человека.

EN: The aim of artіcІe is а research of the existential aspects relations with the human activity аnd inactivity. The author interpreted К. Marx's understanding of human activity and concentrated on а phenomenon of human inactivity. А nalysis of dialectics of human activity and inactivity had been making with concept of ''mastering'' and "alienation". These concepts demonstrate an opposition of the making and the consumption, the labor and the creative work, human self-hood and selfalienation. Exactly in the context of humаn capacity doing аbout oneself and own being it is possible say about existential aspects of problem of human inactivity. As basic factors of human inactivity Karl Marx considered а social system of capitalism and human attraction to the property. In the concept's most prominent use, it refers to the economic and social alienation aspect in which workers are disconnected from what they produce and why they produce. Marx believed that alienation is a systematic result of capitalism. Essentially, there is an "exploitation of men by men" where the division of labor creates an economic hierarchy. His theory of alienation was based upon his observation that in emerging industrial production under capitalism, workers inevitably lose control of their lives and selves by not having any control of their work. Workers never become autonomous, self-realized human beings in any significant sense, except in the way the bourgeoisie wants the worker to be realized. It is clear that human alienation and self-alienation concern to human inactivity and opposite to conscious creative work. In the context of human self-alienation we can understand the essence and nature of inactivity as a modus of human. The basic manifestation of human inactivity is the laziness, boredom and apathy that evolved to the primitive activity (sex, aggression, consumption). However Karl Marx does not analyzing the causes of human attraction to the property and existential aspects of this phenomenon. Therefore it will be necessarily to investigate the nature and causes of human possession and its relation with the inactivity.