Підвищення ефективності електроспоживання електрорухомого складу постійного струму

Abstract

UKR: Дисертація присвячена підвищенню ефективності електроспоживання рухомого складу системи тяги постійного струму за рахунок зниження невиробничих втрат електроенергії, визначених на основі досліджень балансу реальних електроенергетичних процесів, що протікають в силових тягових ланцюгах.

RUS: Диссертация посвящена повышению эффективности электропотребления подвижного состава системы тяги постоянного тока за счет снижения непроизводственных потерь электроэнергии, определенных на основе исследований баланса реальных электроэнергетических процессов, протекающих в силовых тяговых цепях.

ENG: The dissertation paper is devoted to the increase of power consumption effectiveness of the electric train of traction system of the direct current due to reduction of unproductive electric power losses defined on the base of researches of the balance of real electric power processes taking course in the force traction circuits. Probability static characteristics and spectral analysis of voltage on the current collector and traction current of different types of electric trains have been investigated. It has also been stated that the low frequencies periodic fluctuations (inter harmonics) take place in the stochastic processes of voltage change and traction current of electric train. Theoretical pre-conditions have been presented and the methods of definition of total power components and power factor have been adapted to the electric train system. The numerical computations and forecasting for electric locomotives and trams have been performed. It has been stated that the power factor for electric trains of direct current is less that one. The numerical computations of unproductive losses of electric power in force circuit of electric train and its efficiency have been performed. It has been stated that efficiency values are affected by distortions and low frequency periodic fluctuations of traction current. A set of procedures have been suggested in order to improve the form of traction current of electric train and decrease of unproductive losses in its force circuit, that leads to increase of power consumption effectiveness of electric train of direct current.